Sensory integration therapy is based on the fact that children with special needs may be either over-stimulated or under-stimulated by the environment. Therefore, sensory integration therapy aims to improve the ability of the brain to process sensory information so that the child can function better in his daily activities. It trains the brain to automatically respond appropriately to sensory input. It is used to help children learn to use all their senses together – that is, touch, smell, taste, sight and hearing. This therapy is also used to address and improve challenging or repetitive behavior.

Therapists also sometimes suggest that sensory integration therapy can help with other autism characteristics, like difficulties with play and emotional regulation.